Ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukuphepha kokudla, zonke izigaba zokukhiqizwa kokudla (kusukela ekuthengeni, ekutholeni, ekuthuthweni, ekugcinweni, ekulungiseni, ekuphatheni, ekuphekeni nasekuphakeni) kufanele zenziwe futhi ziqashwe ngokucophelela.

Uhlelo lwe-HACCP luyindlela yesayensi nehlelekile yokuhlonza, ukuhlola nokulawula izingozi enqubweni yokukhiqiza ukudla.Ngohlelo lwe-HACCP, ukulawulwa kokuphepha kokudla kuhlanganiswe ekwakhiweni kwenqubo kunokuncika ekuhlolweni komkhiqizo wokugcina.Ngakho-ke uhlelo lwe-HACCP luhlinzeka ngendlela yokuvimbela futhi ngaleyo ndlela engabizi kakhulu ekuphepheni kokudla.

Izimiso eziyisikhombisa zoHlelo lwe-HACCP yilezi-

1. Yenza ukuhlaziya ubungozi bese ukhomba izindlela zokulawula
2. Thola amaphuzu okulawula abalulekile (CCPs)
3. Misa imikhawulo ebalulekile eqinisekisiwe ye-CCP ngayinye
4. Sungula uhlelo lokuqapha lwe-CCP ngayinye
5. Misa izenzo zokulungisa
6. Qinisekisa uhlelo lwe-HACCP futhi usungule izinqubo zokuqinisekisa
7. Sungula imibhalo kanye nokugcinwa kwamarekhodi

Isimiso 1 Yenza ukuhlaziya ubungozi ngokuhlonza izingozi ezingaba khona kanye nezindlela zokulawula

Ingozi yokuphepha kokudla yinoma iyiphi i-biological, ikhemikhali noma i-ejenti ebonakalayo ekudleni enamandla okuba nomthelela omubi empilweni.Siqoqa futhi sihlole ulwazi ngezingozi ezikhonjwe ezintweni ezingavuthiwe nezinye izithako, indawo ezungezile, inqubo noma ekudleni, nezimo eziholela ekubeni khona kwazo ukuze sinqume ukuthi lezi zingozi ezinkulu noma cha futhi sicabangele noma yiziphi izinyathelo zokulawula izingozi ezikhonjiwe.

Isimiso sesi-2 Thola amaphuzu okulawula abalulekile (ama-CCP)

Iphuzu lokulawula elibalulekile yisinyathelo lapho ukulawula kungasetshenziswa khona futhi kubalulekile ukuvimbela noma ukuqeda ubungozi bokuphepha kokudla noma ukuyehlisa kube sezingeni elamukelekayo .

Akuwona wonke amaphuzu ahlotshaniswa nezingozi nezindlela zokuvimbela azoba yindawo yokulawula ebalulekile.Kusetshenziswa inqubo ephusile yokuthatha izinqumo ukuze kunqunywe ukuthi inqubo iyiphuzu lokulawula elibalulekile yini noma cha.Inqubo yokuthatha izinqumo enengqondo yokunquma izindawo zokulawula ezibalulekile ingase ihlanganise izici ezifana nalezi:

• ukuthi ukulawula kulesi sinyathelo kuyadingeka ukuze kuphephe;
• noma ngabe ukulawula kulesi sinyathelo kuyakuqeda noma kunciphisa ukwenzeka kwengozi ibe sezingeni elamukelekayo;
• ukuthi ukungcola ngengozi ehlonziwe kungenzeka yini ngaphezu kwamazinga amukelekile;
• kungakhathaliseki ukuthi izinyathelo ezilandelayo zizoyiqeda noma yehlise ngendlela eyamukelekayo ingozi

Isimiso sesi-3 Misa imikhawulo ebalulekile eqinisekisiwe ye-CCP ngayinye

Umkhawulo Obalulekile umbandela, obonakalayo noma olinganisekayo, ohlukanisa ukwamukeleka nokungamukeleki kokudla maqondana nesilinganiso sokulawula endaweni yokulawula ebalulekile.Imikhawulo Ebalulekile yezinyathelo zokulawula kuma-CCP kufanele icaciswe futhi iqinisekiswe ngokwesayensi ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi iyakwazi ukulawula izingozi ezingeni elamukelekayo uma isetshenziswe ngendlela efanele.

Imikhawulo ebucayi eqinisekisiwe ingase isekelwe ezincwadini ezikhona, iziqondiso noma isiqondiso esivela kuziphathimandla ezinekhono, noma izifundo ezenziwa abanikazi bamabhizinisi okudla noma izinkampani zangaphandle.

Imibandela evame ukusetshenziswa ihlanganisa izilinganiso zesikhathi, izinga lokushisa, umswakama, umsebenzi wamanzi kanye nenani le-pH kanye nemingcele yezinzwa njengokubukeka nokuthungwa.Kwezinye izimo, kudingeka umkhawulo obalulekile ongaphezu kowodwa ukuze ulawule ingozi ethile.

Isimiso 4 Sungula uhlelo lokuqapha lwe-CCP ngayinye

Ukuqapha kuwukulandelana okuhleliwe kokubonwayo noma izilinganiso zokuhlola ukuthi indawo yokulawula ebalulekile ingaphansi kokulawulwa nokukhiqiza irekhodi elinembile ukuze lisetshenziswe esikhathini esizayo ekuqinisekiseni.Ukuqapha kubaluleke kakhulu ohlelweni lwe-HACCP.Ukuqapha kungaxwayisa isitshalo uma kukhona ukuthambekela ekulahlekelweni kokulawula ukuze sithathe isinyathelo sokubuyisela inqubo ekulawulweni ngaphambi kokuba kudlule umkhawulo.

Umsebenzi obhekene nenqubo yokuqapha kufanele ahlonzwe ngokucacile futhi aqeqeshwe ngokwanele ukuze enze izinyathelo zokulungisa.

Isimiso sesi-5 Misa izenzo zokulungisa

Isenzo sokulungisa isenzo esithile esithathwayo lapho imiphumela yokuqapha endaweni yokulawula ebalulekile ibonisa ukuthi umkhawulo awukwazanga ukufinyelelwa, okungukuthi ukulahlekelwa ukulawula.

Njengoba i-HACCP iwuhlelo lokuvikela lokulungisa izinkinga ngaphambi kokuthi zithinte ukuphepha kokudla, abaphathi bezitshalo kufanele bahlele kusenesikhathi ukuze balungise ukuphambuka okungaba khona emikhawulweni ebucayi emisiwe.Noma nini lapho umkhawulo wendawo yokulawula ebalulekile yeqiwa, isitshalo kuzodingeka sithathe izinyathelo zokulungisa ngokushesha.

Abaphathi bemishini kufanele banqume isinyathelo sokulungisa kusenesikhathi futhi kufanele baqinisekise ukuthi izenzo ziyakwazi ukwenza i-CCP ilawuleke.Izinyathelo ezithathiwe kufanele zibandakanye ukuchithwa okufanele kwemikhiqizo ethintekile.

Isimiso sesi-6 Qinisekisa uhlelo lwe-HACCP futhi usungule izinqubo zokuqinisekisa

Uhlelo lwe-HACCP kufanele luqinisekiswe ngaphambi kokuqaliswa.Kufanele kubuyekezwe ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi zonke izingxenye zohlelo lwe-HACCP ziyakwazi ukuqinisekisa ukulawulwa kwezingozi ezibalulekile ezihlobene nebhizinisi lokudla.

Ukuqinisekisa kungase kuhlanganise ukubuyekezwa kwezincwadi zesayensi, kusetshenziswa amamodeli ezibalo, ukwenza izifundo zokuqinisekisa noma ukusebenzisa isiqondiso esithuthukiswe imithombo egunyaziwe.

Ngemuva kokuthi uhlelo lwe-HACCP seluqaliwe, kufanele kusungulwe izinqubo zokuqinisekisa ukuthi uhlelo lwe-HACCP luyalandelwa nokuthi indawo eyingozi ilawulwa ngempumelelo.Noma yiziphi izinguquko ezingaba nomthelela ekuphepheni kokudla zidinga ukuthi kubuyekezwe uhlelo lwe-HACCP futhi lapho kudingekile luphinde luqinisekiswe uhlelo lwe-HACCP.

Imisebenzi yokuqinisekisa ihlanganisa ukusetshenziswa kwezindlela, izinqubo, izivivinyo nokunye ukuhlola, ngaphezu kokuqapha, ukunquma ukuhambisana nohlelo lwe-HACCP ngezikhathi ezithile nalapho izinguquko zenzeka.

Ezinye izibonelo zokuqinisekisa ukulinganisa kwamathuluzi okuqapha inqubo ngezikhathi ezithile, ukubhekwa okuqondile kwemisebenzi yokuqapha, nezenzo zokulungisa.Ngaphandle kwalokho, ukusampula komkhiqizo, ukuqapha amarekhodi ukubuyekezwa kanye nokuhlolwa kungasebenza ukuze kuqinisekiswe uhlelo lwe-HACCP.

Abaphathi bemishini kufanele bahlole ukuthi abasebenzi bagcina amarekhodi e-HACCP anembile nangesikhathi.

Isimiso 7 Sungula imibhalo kanye nokugcinwa kwamarekhodi

Ukugcina amarekhodi e-HACCP afanele kuyingxenye ebalulekile yohlelo lwe-HACCP.Izinqubo ze-HACCP ezinjengokuhlaziya ubungozi, ukunqunywa kwe-CCP kanye nokunqunywa komkhawulo obalulekile kufanele kubhalwe phansi.Ngasikhathi sinye, irekhodi lemisebenzi yokuqapha ye-CCP, ukuphamba kanye nezenzo zokulungisa ezihlobene, ukuguqulwa kwe-HACCP kufanele kugcinwe ngendlela efanele.

Ukuze kusungulwe izinqubo zokugcina amarekhodi, ukuphathwa kwemishini kungase:

• sebenzisa iamafomunjengoba kushiwo kuSithasiselo 4 kuya ku-18 esithi “Indlela Yokusebenzisa Uhlelo Lokuphepha Kokudla”;
• ukuhlonza abasebenzi abanomthwalo wemfanelo wokufaka idatha yokuqapha kumarekhodi futhi baqinisekise ukuthi bayayiqonda indima yabo kanye nezibopho zabo.

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